BigTable-The database used by "GOOGLE"

BigTable:
A Distributed Storage System for Structured Data

Bigtable is a distributed storage system (built by Google) for managing structured data that is designed to scale to a very large size: petabytes of data across thousands of commodity servers.
Many projects at Google store data in Bigtable, including web indexing, Google Earth, and Google Finance. These applications place very different demands on Bigtable, both in terms of data size (from URLs to web pages to satellite imagery) and latency requirements (from backend bulk processing to real-time data serving).
Despite these varied demands, Bigtable has successfully provided a flexible, high-performance solution for all of these Google products.

Some features

• fast and extremely large-scale DBMS
• a sparse, distributed multi-dimensional sorted map, sharing characteristics of both row-oriented and column-oriented databases.
• designed to scale into the petabyte range
• it works across hundreds or thousands of machines
• it is easy to add more machines to the system and automatically start taking advantage of those resources without any reconfiguration
• each table has multiple dimensions (one of which is a field for time, allowing versioning)
• tables are optimized for GFS (Google File System) by being split into multiple tablets - segments of the table as split along a row chosen such that the tablet will be ~200 megabytes in size.

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Here is the link to the PDF of the research paper.